The ejidos and agrarian communities are the form of land tenure that covers most of the surface in the Mexican countryside; these offer important agricultural and livestock production and most of the hills, forest areas, mangroves, coasts, water, mines and various natural attractions are in their lands
The ejido in Mexico
Mainly associated with the revolutionary agrarian reform, which projected the agrarian law of 1915 as collective, undivided land that could not be sold or inherited. Throughout the 20th century, its legislation underwent various changes, in accordance with the economic and political projects of the governments in power.
The key element to understanding the introduction of ejidos in Mexico as an integral part of the laws that followed the Mexican Revolution is the historical context in which the country found itself. Historian Emilio Kouri, in his article “The Invention of the Ejido”, speaks of the ejido as a social result of the Mexican armed struggle that was the revolution, but rather as a temporary response to the social demands of the revolution.
“That a revolution destroys what is unjust or does not work in order to try something new and different -with or without success- is the usual thing, and in the case of Mexico the agrarian reform of the Revolution invented the ejido. There should be no doubt that it is a modern invention, as will be seen below. The ejido was born as a provisional, almost accidental arrangement, but in less than two decades it was consolidated as the main instrument for governmental redistribution of land (…).
However, the ejido became a major piece in the policy of agrarian distribution in Mexico, more as a political tool to establish rural peace after the fall of Porfiriato than as an effective tool to fulfill the demands of the peasants; for the post-revolutionary war period, these aspects of communal restitution and indigenous property spaces provided by the creation of the ejidos resulted in a practical policy of control. In this regard, Kourí also mentions in his article the following:
“Thus, for both political and historical reasons, the solution to the agrarian problem at that time was clear: communal property was what the humblest people of the countryside (the Indians above all) understood best, what was most convenient to their present needs and, moreover, apparently, what the Zapatistas in arms on the other side of the Ajusco said they wanted(…).
January 6 marks a century since, in the midst of a great civil war, the Carrancista faction enacted an agrarian law in Veracruz that unintentionally marked the beginning and course of the most extensive agrarian reform in the modern history of Latin America. Throughout more than seven decades, the governments emanating from the Revolution gave way to an enormous transformation of the legal order and the social distribution of rural property in Mexico.
Pushed first by the demands and struggles of new peasant organizations and soon also by the irresistible attraction of its clientelist potential, the Revolution ended up distributing a lot of land, and not only bad land. Cardenismo (assisted by the Great Depression) broke up a good part of the large haciendas, demolishing without a second thought a long-lived economic and social institution that symbolized not only the consolidation of territorial property and local power since the mid-19th century, but also the legacy of conquests, subjections and viceregal depredations.
By 1991, when the Constitution was amended to put an end to the repartition, more than two-thirds of Mexico’s land and forests had been subject to agrarian reform. There is much to debate about the costs and benefits, the vices and virtues, or the aspirations and failures of the Revolution’s land distribution, but in any case, what is certain is that the magnitude of that institutional change in land ownership is comparable only to that which occurred as a result of the Spanish conquest in the sixteenth century.
El ejido, símbolo de la Revolución Mexicana*
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Cycling through various psych meds is so unbelievably frustrating. Turns out my current psych doc is willing to prescribe MAOIs which is great because I’ve always wanted to look into that class. Started with selegiline patch, it actually seemed like it might be helpful, I at least had more energy and motivation, but turns out I’m allergic to the adhesive and I kept reacting to it more and more until it was basically one big hive underneath when I took it off. Doctor is unwilling to prescribe oral or sublingual form, saying there’s not enough evidence for its effectiveness on depression…
Now I’m on removedlcypromine (parnate), which is actually what I would have picked for myself to start off with. After 2 months ramping up it couldn’t be more different than the last med, I’m sleepy all the time, 0 motivation. I haven’t gotten a single thing done for like 3 weeks and have called in to work 3 times. I’m not sure whether to try and power through or taper off but either way I’m in for quite a bit more of this since, unlike selegiline, you cannot quit this one cold turkey. Next up would be phenelzine (nardil), which is also very likely to make me sleepy.
I want to give these a fair shot, after the MAOIs there’s basically nothing left to try, over 20 years I’ve thoroughly explored every other class of depression med, but I also have to weigh that against my functionality, I can’t just take a year off of work to dick around with drugs that each only have a sliver of a chance of being effective. I guess I should feel lucky, there are a lot of jobs I would already have been fired from for tardiness and absenteeism, and getting a doctor who’s willing to prescribe supposedly dangerous stuff instead of just yet another ssri, SNRI, tricyclic, is difficult and expensive.
sorry, transgenderedylcypromine
sremovedhorpe problem moment. this is one of the reasons I don’t like the filters
this isn’t a problem, it’s just a warning of what we will do
Rly is, thing that always bothered me was the cycling of withdrawing from something and starting new thing and just trying to get through all the initial side effects that make it even harder to stay living than usual lol. And it’s like… this is destroying my life rn I can’t afford to taper off for 3 months
Idk where you are ofc but in the Burgerreich and most “western” countries, EXTREMELY RARE type of doctor lol, am glad you found someone like that. (hyperbolic, figurative) Ever single one I have ever met thinks MAOIs just turn you into a time bomb that explodes upon any contact to cheese lmao. Tbh… there was this time a few years ago when I could no longer take the mental strain of interacting with these rly mean doctors who could not consider anything other than SSRIs and depression so I was just self-medicating by trying a couple of different things on my own
WORST experience I ever had with a doctor was trying to see a psychiatrist and see if they would prescribe me an MAOI cuz I was seeing some success with moclobemide (only MAOI besides selegiline you can even get from the online pharmacies cuz the others are so rare). I went into her office and she berated me, made me cry (usually I can hold that til after), started to check my blood pressure while I was crying, found that it was slightly higher than normal and blamed it on moclobemide (wtf, these drugs were the first ANTI-hypertensives, my blood pressure was high cuz of the emotional ordeal), made me sign some release form I didn’t wanna sign, then I dragged myself out of the office and found out that she had called my family members and told them something like I was killing myself so I had to explain all this shit to my dad and ughhhh. Then I felt so bad I cold turkeyed the moclobemide, went into a deep depression for a bit
Sorry to hear :( If you have one of the very cool doctors (they’re already cool for actually considering MAOIs), maybe they would be receptive to reading some of the studies that show, not directly, that sublingual selegiline has somewhat similar pharmocokinetic profile to the patch version (I think, it’s been years since I read those). Oral selegiline is the easiest to use ofc, but requires much higher doses and the small risk of the tyramine hypertensive situation does go up slightly cuz most of it goes into neutralizing gut MAO-B and MAO-A at such high oral doses (which is why it’s dosed so high relative to sublingual or the patch btw, have to get enough into the brain after first-pass metabolism)
Regardless it must be worth a try, even off-label, after so many years of conventional stuff, right? Selegiline is like the safest irreversible MAOI too
Btw, after none of the depression stuff rly worked for me very well (sertaline is the best I ever tried out of like… a lot of antidepressants, but that’s probably cuz I developed an anxiety disorder later lol), I got an ADHD diagnosis which explains a lot and stimulant meds have been helping me lately. I rly wish all the shitty doctors I saw for depression could have… actually investigated further and helped me realize this sooner cuz it’s really obvious to me now. No wonder most of my friends are have some combo of autism or ADHD lol. People also keep telling me I have autism too, not worth the diagnosis process but probably lol
Rip, drug name got sremovedhorped lol. Am sorry to hear you’re not seeing any success :( It’s been years since I thought about this stuff but… you might also consider talking about trying isocarboxazid (also I’m inferring you maybe are in the Burgerreich from these drug choices available lol, btw if you don’t already know: “reversible” MAOIs with little-to-no risk of tyramine reaction and which you can go on and off off sooner, exist) with your doctor cuz ofc phenelzine, or its metabolites, is famous for also inhibiting an enzyme which breaks down GABA in the brain, which could make you even sleepier (or paradoxically and despite GABA being like… the main inhibitory neurotransmitter, might make you less sleepy lol, all this shit is so complicated and everyone reacts differently ofc)
Btw, since MAOIs are so misunderstood even by doctors, you might find Dr. Ken Gillman’s website useful: https://www.psychotropical.com/maoi/ He’s a psychiatrist who has been treating people for years with these drugs and advocates for their increased usage especially in cases of treatment-resistant depression, so you may find some of his insight useful. At least I did when I was trying to figure this stuff out for myself years ago, apparently he has since redesigned the website (tbh I much preferred the mid 2000s plain text blog format lol) but all the content still looks to be there. Just best to keep in mind: he is quite biased toward them and it’s best not to take it all immediately at face value ofc. As far as I know he’s very legit, has a bunch of research published, but is rly critical of a lot of psychiatry and it comes across a lot in this informal format which sometimes makes the crank detectors go off lol, at least it did mine rn when I was skimming it again
Omg, that experience with your psychiatrist beating you for self medicating with moclobomide is like my worst nightmare. I have a very strict policy of lying to my doctors about that sort of thing and also recent recreational drug use (except cannabis) and I’m sure it has saved me some pain, but that said it seems like you got tremendously unlucky there, I can’t imagine too many of my doctors reacting that way. It’s hilarious though, you can confess to all kinds of “self medication” and they won’t bat an eye, but if it’s actual medicine it becomes super concerning!
I am a burgerreich citizen unfortunately, also tried moclobomide a while back since it was easy to get on the gray market. It’s really remarkable how different it is from the two I’ve recently been on. It was definitely activating for me despite, IIRC, it being slightly selective for mao-a. There must be some really complex pharmacology going on here, usually I find most drugs in the same class to have at least something in common in terms of how they make me feel but so far I’m not seeing any similarities whatsoever. The thing about inhibiting GABA does make me a bit concerned about trying phenelzine but maybe I’ll get lucky, or who knows maybe this horrendous side effect will go away with the one I’m on. I really need to do more research here, I never went that deep since I never expected to be allowed to try these things. Gillman is a name I’ve heard in passing on the forums, sounds like that’s a good place to start.
I didn’t know till relatively recently that selegiline was also easy to get online, since my main “pharmacy” doesn’t carry it, but that is also going to be part of my backup plan, I assume I can crush it up and take it sublingually if it fails to be effective orally.
Thanks for the detailed response, depression is a fuck and I also hope you end up winning the battle/war on the coming years!