Also, an extension cable might help, depending on what is causing the wear. Not sure it applies in your case though (at first I thought it was a headphone cable plugged into a laptop, but looking closer it’s looking more like a phone).

Bluetooth might be another option, if it’s in your budget. I’m loving my Bluetooth bone conduction headphones.

For example, a big glob of hot glue in and around the affected area.

Glue will insulate and help mitigate more breakage.

I usually just use good electrical tape. Sometimes I splint broken cables with a couple plastic floss sticks, too.