I dont know why they have to lie about it. At $5/8ft board you’d think I paid for the full 1.5. Edit: I mixed up nominal with actual.

    • [email protected]@sh.itjust.works
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      6 months ago

      You’d think so, but no.
      Short story is the ‘nominal’ size is the size before going into a planer to smooth the faces.
      Yes, it makes little sense, like many things related to construction stuff.

    • ferret@sh.itjust.works
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      Lumber is weird because it has been industry standard to lie about dimensions since before the US existed so it’s just kinda a thing they get to do

      • cosmicrookie@lemmy.world
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        No its not Maybe in the US? At least here, it is and has to be, very precise especially when it comes to industry quality. It is precise down to the mm!

        • SchmidtGenetics@lemmy.world
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          How does that work when wood varies due to moisture content? If they give precise mm measurements, only 20% of boards will meet those criteria.

          All they are giving is the planned dimensions instead of nominal in mm form, it’s still not precise, it can’t be.

          • lad@programming.dev
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            Maybe they mill, store, and sell under the same moisture conditions?

            Also, how big is the difference in size and moisture for the same piece of wood? I would expect that moisture is usually not higher than 90% and not lower than 10% or something like that, but don’t know how it really is

            • SchmidtGenetics@lemmy.world
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              Once it leaves the mill they go to various stores and regions with different conditions. Some places store them inside, others outside.

              Once I buy it at the store and take it the site, it’s now different from the store. You should acclimate all lumber for 48 hours before using it as well, this is so the wood doesn’t swell or shrink more after installing it.

              A 2x10 can be anywhere from 9-1/2 to almost 8-1/2 depending on final site conditions.

        • Auli@lemmy.ca
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          Bullshit. Wood expands and contracts so ther is no way you can be precious down to the mm.

          • Thorry84@feddit.nl
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            6 months ago

            That’s why the standards specify the moisture content of the wood as well as the dimensions. This is even the case for US standards.

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            I’ve not really encountered this wood expanding and contracting thing. Are you sure?

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                True, but the amount they shrink and grow across the grain tends to be proportional. A 2x4 is very rarely measurably different from 1.5"x3.5", but a 2x10 (like you’ve shown) is 1.5"x9 1/4" but is often anywhere between 9 1/8" to 9 3/8"

        • AnUnusualRelic@lemmy.world
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          That’s crazy, how can you make a profit if you give the customer the exact measurement? You have to saw a bit off and pad your earnings!

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        It’s not exactly a lie, just a standard. Nominal board sizes were based on the unfinished lumber size. Another 1/4 inch is taken off each side to get a smooth surface that makes it easier to work with.

        Here’s an old image (reddit warning)

        https://www.reddit.com/media?url=https%3A%2F%2Fexternal-preview.redd.it%2F6Oy1DmXVFs0lyKxq9OmjaI-2gsPj8QO6joLlY1rB7m4.jpg%3Fauto%3Dwebp%26s%3D4fa73a2eaf8d96d4de26378be1ba9c404b210685

        that shows the rough cuts of boards from a log. When they look at a log, they determine how many of each size they can get from it, and at that point, a 2x4 is 2 inches by 4 inches.

        • 0421008445828ceb46f496700a5fa6@kbin.social
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          Why does the consumer need to know the dimensions at harvest when it’s been processed multiple times?

          That’s like calling an 4oz can of evaporated milk a gallon because it came from a gallon of milk before processing (I have no clue on the ratio)

          • Auli@lemmy.ca
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            6 months ago

            I it’s like calling a quarter pounder a quarter pounder. You are not getting a quarter bound of burger after cooking.

            • lad@programming.dev
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              And here I am thinking that it was a burger for reeeeally hungry people. No delusion anymore, it seems

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            I agree with this. Use whatever system you need or want internally, but there’s no reason to force whatever archaic or industry system onto a consumer. Logcutters also use a 1"=1/4 system and that is how they sell wood. A piece of wood that is 2" thick is sold as 8/4. Not 2". I get that they have their system but it seems dickish to force the consumer to use that system. There could be a good argument for it, but I’ve not heard one beyond “what, can’t you do math?”

            • intensely_human@lemm.ee
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              but there’s no reason to force whatever archaic or industry system onto a consumer

              Sure there is. Look up the concept of a “standard” if you don’t understand the reasons.

              Standards only work when they don’t change

            • SchmidtGenetics@lemmy.world
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              It’s like a 1/4lb paddy being a different weight before and after cooking. They can’t tell you the final weight, since it’s always going to be different. Same with wood.

              The woods final actual dimensions can vary, so they tell you its original size.

              A 2x10 can be anywhere from 9-3/8thick down do 8-3/4 depending on how it dries.

              • gdog05@lemmy.world
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                I get that. But this is for kiln dried wood. And this particular issue I’m bitching about isn’t about net loss. It’s selling wood using an internally useful measuring system instead of how the consumer would actually think about it. It’s adding needless complexity, in my mind, when there’s enough factors to consider.

                • SchmidtGenetics@lemmy.world
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                  What? The final dimensions of kiln dried wood can still vary. If they say 1-1/2 and you grab one that’s 1-3/8 you get a post like this.

                  So you say the original size, no one needs to do any math (what complexity are you referring to here?) since the final dimensions will always be different once acclimated at the site they will be used.

                • bloodfart@lemmy.ml
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                  The consumer (people who work with lumber) knows how the system works. You don’t, because you don’t work with lumber.

                  If the boards were precisely measured in mm and binned accordingly, it would help no one because all construction techniques developed for use with lumber account for dimensional inaccuracy.

                  Building and working with lumber is different than working with manufactured materials like plywood or whatever.

          • SchmidtGenetics@lemmy.world
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            6 months ago

            You can buy planed or unplaned wood. Called “rough” lumber which is the nominal size instead. Usually only for pressure treated lumber, but it’s available in regular too.

          • ricecake@sh.itjust.works
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            They don’t, but every plan and instruction going back a looong time refers to things that way.

            Essentially, where they make the wood calls it a 2x4. So the places that process the wood calls it a 2x4, and so on.
            The kilning and planing process used to be much less regular, so if you used actual, you couldn’t buy four 1.5x3.5s, you’d get a 1.6x3.4, a 1.3x3.9, and so on.

            The only consistent way to refer to it was the original sawmill size, and people who built things knew you had to measure the actual size of each piece of wood, or just accept the slop.

            We got better at planing and kilning, and eventually the actual size was standardized. We still had all those plans and bills of material referring to things by their nominal name, to say nothing of the actual builders and engineers who were both used to the nominal measurements and didn’t think it was necessary to change. So stores kept selling things by the name people expected when they were looking for products.

            Most stores now label in both nominal and actual to accommodate for people who don’t know this, since buying lumber and building things isn’t as regular occurrence for a lot of people as it once was.

          • themeatbridge@lemmy.world
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            The consumer doesn’t need to know it. The lumber mill does, and the people responsible for warehousing and logistics, they use nominal sizes because saying “two by four” is easier than “one point five by three point 5.”

          • strawberry@kbin.run
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            its just easier to call it a two by four “yeah I gotta go out and get some 1 and a half by three and a halfs”

        • WalrusDragonOnABike [they/them]@lemmy.today
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          6 months ago

          at that point, a 2x4 is 2 inches by 4 inches.

          From my understanding, as tools have gotten more precise, the raw boards have gotten slightly smaller to reach the same standard size with less waste. So, 2x4 doesn’t even refer to modern unprocessed 2x4s, but rather a hypothetical unprocessed 2x4 at some point in the past.

          • themeatbridge@lemmy.world
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            That wouldn’t surprise me, but also the standard has been around for so long, changing the size of standard lumber is probably harder than changing the manufacturing process (which is likely automated and computer controlled anyway).

      • RememberTheApollo_@lemmy.world
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        Not entirely true. I lived in a house that was just over a century old. The framing was exactly what it said it was, a 2x4 was 2” by 4”. Same for all the structure. These were mill cut, but still pretty clean. It was WW2-ish and after that we started to get planed lumber that gave us 1.5x3.5. It wasn’t even until probably the early part of the 1900s that lumber started to become “dimensional”, as in the standard sizes we know of today.

            • ferret@sh.itjust.works
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              This, my friend, is no mere “group” of ferrets. It is a horrific amalgam of a quantity greater than 300, bound together with simple twine in a structure of horrific dimension in a way that could only have been conceived by a mind twisted in reckless disregard to even a most basic understanding of the nature of our world.

    • Magnetar@feddit.de
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      As if american measurements have ever made sense. Look up how they measure screws or wires and despair.

      • shalafi@lemmy.world
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        Or shotgun shell sizes and loads.

        “It all started in 1840 when the dram was a common unit of measurement…”

      • AnUnusualRelic@lemmy.world
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        It’s a wonder they manage to build anything. They have pocket calculators dedicated to the building industry. It’s surreal.

        • Possibly linux
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          Not everyone

          Some people are gods when it comes to metal math

          • Fedizen@lemmy.world
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            every house I’ve lived in has had something fucked up in it. Even if you have one guy doing everything correct, you have 20 other contractors coming in that can’t do basic addition and subtraction, let alone fractions.

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              I don’t think you’re implying this is exclusively an American issue or anything but that’s just the nature of construction unless you’re paying top dollar for accuracy when it matters.

              I’ve been on a hundred or more construction sites and I’d confidently wager that most houses don’t match the plans perfectly because of unforseen reasons…equipment changing due to lead times, electricians running their conduit in the wrong stud bays, etc. I’ve had to do a lot of creative problem solving and design modifications are inevitable. That’s the only thing I really miss from my old career

              • Fedizen@lemmy.world
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                I’m just saying it doesn’t matter if one guy is really good because on projects that require multiple people a good team is all that matters. As far as uniqueness to the US vs everywhere, its probably worse here in the US but we have a lot of checks for extreme fuckups so we tend to just have a lot of low-mid tier fuckups. The big fuckups are when somebody lies on their expertise (like that university post tensioned beam bridge that fell in florida)

              • Kaity@leminal.space
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                6 months ago

                Even when you are paying for accuracy… I went to a home once for someone who paid for the builders to get everything perfect; the walls were crooked and warped like every wall I’ve ever seen.

              • afraid_of_zombies@lemmy.world
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                6 months ago

                I am in chemical and material handling stuff and it’s the same. What amazes me is when the project manager can’t allow slack where slack is perfectly fine and allows slack where it isn’t.

                One guy I will never forget had endless meltdowns about tiny tiny stuff in software and completely forgot that water pipes need heat tracing until the insulation was already installed. Whole project, multi tens of millions of dollars, died because of that. On the plus side before it died the password on the HMI was 8 characters long and required a number and a punctuation symbol.

            • Possibly linux
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              Part of that is that you need to work hard to find good people who do good work.

              The other issue is that all the skilled works are either old or dead. The young guys aren’t the same type.

              • afraid_of_zombies@lemmy.world
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                What I find is culture drives them out. I am pushed a lot to take away all decision making ability from the techs and electricians. This command-and-control organization system. Anyone who can change employment does and I don’t blame them.

                Treat people like they are worthless and they leave. No surprises there.

              • phdepressed@sh.itjust.works
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                At a societal level young people arent getting the benefits of their work. We’re getting what is paid for. They’re paying those old guys pensions+benefits but their own has been cut to the marrow. Consumers pay isn’t going to them. And good fucking luck to any of them trying to start up against behemoths both local and national that can nip them in the bud before they become competitive.

            • lightnsfw@reddthat.com
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              My parents just had a house built last year and there is so much shit wrong. The biggest thing I found is one of the alcoves on the side of their fireplace is a full 1.5" wider in the front than the back. You don’t have to measure to see it. How the fuck the guy who did the framing, or the guy who did the drywall, or anyone else walking past that fucking thing didn’t notice I have no idea. They sold their nice old house for that pile of shit and it’s not even better even if you ignore all the problems. It pisses me off so much because I told them this was going to happen.

      • afraid_of_zombies@lemmy.world
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        The European wire gauge system makes no sense. There I said it. I don’t need to know the O.D. of the wire, I need to know the amp rating. The O.D. only becomes an issue for bending radius and there is a chart for that as well. Nothing is stopping some a**hole from making a wire almost completely out of plastic that has the O.D. of a typical 14AWG but can’t carry any serious amount of current under the European system. Under the AWG you always know what the current capacity is.

        And while we are at it, you might as well standardize your wire sizes based on copper. You are never going to use anything except copper. So your units should reflect the material. I am building a chemical skid, that has nothing to do with the distance between the equator to the north pole.

        Also when is the last time you were running wires that you needed a mm of precision? Meanwhile a fraction of an amp really does matter. So should not the thing that does matter be reflected in the product?

        • t0bd1@lemmy.world
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          European wire gauge is not the outer diameter. It is the cross section of the conductor inside the wire in mm^2. It is the same system AWG uses (they are directly correlated) with the added benefit that the numbers make sense (10mm^2/AWG8 wire has 4x the cross section of 2.5mm^2/AWG14 wire, so a quarter of the resistance of the thicker wire and thus roughly double the current capacity).

        • Magnetar@feddit.de
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          I honestly can’t tell if you’re doing a bit or are actually serious.

        • oyo@lemm.ee
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          6 months ago

          How does 16, 14, or 12 AWG tell you anything about ampacity?

          • afraid_of_zombies@lemmy.world
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            You use the chart. How does mm of a wire, including insulation, tell you ampacity? As I said it is easy to imagine a thick wire that can carry almost no current. You can’t pull that crap with AWG system. It tells you the single most important fact, how much current a wire can carry. There is no incentive for wire manufacturers to cheat the system since a thicker insulation wire just means more cost for them.

            Which ties in nicely with the other charts. Tell me how much power you need a motor to deliver and what I have to deal with and I can tell you exactly what wires to use, it’s bending radius how thick it is etc. None of which I can do in the CE system.

            • Socsa@sh.itjust.works
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              Ironically outer insulation does impact conductor ampacity, because the rated continuous vs peak loads depend on the heat resistance rating of the insulation.

    • BarqsHasBite@lemmy.ca
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      The convention is 2" before milling. Milling takes off 1/4"on each side, so the result is 1.5".

      • MisterFrog@lemmy.world
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        Is this a joke? (I know it isn’t).

        Why would I want to know the dimensions of the unfinished product? I’m not a construction worker, so honestly is there any reason?

        • BarqsHasBite@lemmy.ca
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          I can only think it was when the lumber mill was the dictator of terms. That’s what they put out, so that’s what it was.

      • dan1101@lemm.ee
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        Why was that ever accepted? I don’t care what size it was before milling. If I buy a 2x2 I want a 2x2.

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      It’s due to the milling to square it.

      You can get rough cut 2x4 or 2x2 or anything that are actually that size but by the time you trim and square it you will end up at the measurements sold in big box stores

      Edit: I mean the size they used to be in store, not OPs version :(

      • Dabundis@lemmy.world
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        I think this commenter is trying to say that the nominal size of a 2x2 is 2" by 2" (and it looks like they typo’d nominal to “normal”)

        The actual size of a 2x2 is 1.5" by 1.5", and OP incorrectly calls these dimensions nominal

    • frezik@midwest.social
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      It was done for largely sensible reasons.

      https://youtu.be/WaJFudED5FQ?si=7j005FmfJVr_JQL_

      In short, a 2x4 was originally 2x4 inches, full stop, but it was found that this size wasn’t necessary for the strength being applied to them in construction. We were wasting lumber for no reason. They went through a few cycles of sizing down as the actual needed strength was understood better. The naming convention stuck, though.

    • weeeeum@lemmy.world
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      It’s weird because it’s the size of lumber BEFORE smoothing the edges. Manufacturers take this inch a mile and the 2x4 (as well as all other dimensional lumber) has gotten smaller and smaller.

    • mipadaitu@lemmy.world
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      Even if it was 2" from the lumber yard, it would shrink or expand quite a bit depending on the moisture content. Expecting natural products to be an exact size would be crazy, especially when talking about construction lumber.

      Now this is a very extreme case, but it was probably milled to 1.5" soaking wet, and shrank a bunch after drying out on the rack. That’s also a big reason why they’re all warped.

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    Is nobody gonna call out OP for wearing socks with sandals? …and, ostensibly, while preparing to do carpentry?!?

    That’s like a cardinal sin squared!

    • Coreidan@lemmy.world
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      Nah nothing wrong with wearing socks with sandals when you’re home. Do what ever the hell you want.

      But I do agree with wearing proper footwear while doing dangerous things.

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      Can’t you see those are safety sandals. And just like safety squints, are approved PPE across the whole 3rd world industrial sphere. OP will be perfectly safe.

    • Grass@sh.itjust.works
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      I regularly wear socks and sandals along with shorts and a sweater.

      There was also a time I went to lunch with that plus a lab coat and hairnet.

    • Dizzy Devil Ducky@lemm.ee
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      I don’t condone it, but I’ve done something similar once in a Boy Scouts meeting as a scout. Had sandals on and I don’t remember the full meeting, but at one point we were chopping wood with an axe. I did it, but that’s not my brightest move. There was also a time where I was getting my metalworking badge and entered the forge one time for a kinda free time work on your project thing with shorts on by mistake. Nobody stopped me in either case. This wasn’t pre-2000s, so I’m not sure how I got away with either event considering safety is usually taken much more seriously nowadays.

    • JasonDJ
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      My COVID home-improvement project was hardwoods. Something like 1000sqft. Never did it before. Did 90% of it wearing no more than basketball shorts and flipflops. W/e. Only a few toe injuries.

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        My toolbag calipers are cheap hardware store ones. They’re accurate enough and I’m not out much when they inevitably get damaged or lost.

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        6 months ago

        For a machinist yep. For home gamers, a waste of money. They don’t have the knowledge of where and when to use them nor the skills to get accurate repeatable measurements. So for OP’s use whatever CCC, (Cheap, Cheerful, Chinese), caliper he’s got is good enough.

        It’s the definition of “nominal size is what ever we say it is” that pisses me off. Buying wood/lumber is the worst offender of Nominal sizing, but even metals are getting worse. I used to buy a round bar of say, ASA1018 and it would be +0"/-.002". It’s now +0/-.006", (that’s +0/-.05mm and +0/-.15mm for those living in Boca Raton). At the end of my career as a toolmaker I was often forced to purchase oversized stock and waste time turning said stock into the actual sizes required.

      • Death_Equity@lemmy.world
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        6 months ago

        I can accept the poor quality tools that might be off by a few hundredths, but using imperial on precision measurement devices is unforgivable.

  • some_guy@lemmy.sdf.org
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    6 months ago

    Um, wait. I would think that violates some sort of law (but I guess maybe we haven’t codified this?). I mean, building plans expect standards in materials, right? So how can a building meet codes if the materials are not within the expected specs?

    • frezik@midwest.social
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      6 months ago

      The 2x4s that have been sized this way do meet structural code. It was found that a full 2x4 is way over spec’d for what they were used for, so why bother wasting extra parts of the tree?

      Pretty much everything built with dimensional lumber in the last century has been done with undersized 2x4s, and it’s fine. The name stuck for historical reasons. Companies that build houses and order this stuff by the pallet all know what the real size is, and so do building inspectors.

      • GreyEyedGhost@lemmy.ca
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        6 months ago

        Rough 2x4s were 2" x 4". Then we started finishing them for better consistency, taking about 0.5" from each dimension. Later we started using saws with narrower kerfs to have less loss due to saw blade width, better cutting and planing systems so the rough size could be smaller and still have the same finished size, then they lowered finished size some more.

      • UnderpantsWeevil@lemmy.world
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        6 months ago

        Pretty much everything built with dimensional lumber in the last century has been done with undersized 2x4s, and it’s fine.

        It’s fine, folks. Nothing to see here.

  • XeroxCool@lemmy.world
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    6 months ago

    2x2PT has been 1.25x1.25 for as long as I can remember (10 years or more). It’s only the pressure treated deck stuff for railings. This does not apply to the rest of the 2x lumber, as those are still 1.5 actual. I got Simpson corner 2x2 brackets for crazy cheap way back but ended up not really using them. The 2x2s are warped to hell and a ripped 2x4 was too big in the original 2x dimension.

    • Windex007@lemmy.world
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      6 months ago

      I’m wondering if it’s a regional thing? I just looked online for pressure treated 2x2’s and all the ones I’m seeing (home hardware, home depot, advantage lumber, etc) list as actual being 1.5x1.5

      • Blackout@kbin.runOP
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        6 months ago

        That’s possible. I just moved from CA to MI 2 years ago. I know they were 1.5 then because I built alot of props and temp walls with it. I was reusing a 3d printed joint I designed to make a garden trellis when I noticed the wood didnt fit like before.

    • pythonoob@programming.dev
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      6 months ago

      Premill size vs sale size. Something like that. Probably not the correct term.

      Similar to how steak is measures in precooked weights.

    • VeryNiiiice@sh.itjust.works
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      6 months ago

      2x4 is the rough cut dimensions from the sawmill. They end up smaller after drying (wood can hold a lot of water) and planing.

    • phx@lemmy.ca
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      6 months ago

      *Planed/straight wood versus raw lumber. It threw me off when I first started building stuff and summed that a 2x4 was actually 2"x4" in all my measurements/plans

      *Or it would be straight if you’re lucky and don’t pick from the top of the bin at Home Depot

    • Blackout@kbin.runOP
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      6 months ago

      It’s possible they stocked the wrong thing, but it was rung up as Pressure-Treated so maybe they applied the wrong barcode?

      • higgsboson@dubvee.org
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        6 months ago

        That green tint means it is pressure treated. Just take it back (this time bring a tape measure.)

          • XeroxCool@lemmy.world
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            6 months ago

            I usually bring my 9ft magnetic tape from my car’s ceiling and my 4" brass fractional caliper from the glove box into the store but always end up prowling the lumber section for the loose tape measures. Wouldn’t want to look like I’m stealing, right?

    • Blackout@kbin.runOP
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      6 months ago

      This was pre-job time :) Testing a 3d printed joint with it when I noticed the wood was very undersized.

    • Geth@lemmy.dbzer0.com
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      6 months ago

      Pretty much all of Europe lists wood in exact size of the cut that you get. It sounds highly illegal to call it a 5x5cm piece of wood and sell some other random smaller size.

  • Onno (VK6FLAB)@lemmy.radio
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    6 months ago

    Looks oversized to me, that’s 3.25 cm x 3.25 cm, looks like they could take it down by 40% and still call it a 2x2 😇

    • Blackout@kbin.runOP
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      6 months ago

      Entire stock as of 5/6/24. I didnt even notice it was smaller than usual, busy trying to find the only-slightly warped boards.

      • Possibly linux
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        6 months ago

        Good lumber these days is becoming hard to find. I think it is mostly due to the lumber companies trying to pump out a ton of lumber to meet demand.

  • RagnarokOnline@programming.dev
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    6 months ago

    Good thing you checked, that’s ridiculous. If I’d cut a dado for some mixed stock and found out some of them were 1 & 1/3 instead of 1 & 1/2, I’d be pissed.

    • mipadaitu@lemmy.world
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      6 months ago

      For a dado, you’d better measure every board.

      But in reality, if you’re looking for a perfect fit for construction lumber, you’d also better let it dry out for a week before measuring and fitting, cause it was probably 1.5" soaking wet from the yard, and shrank a bunch.

      • RagnarokOnline@programming.dev
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        6 months ago

        I’ve found some applications for it, honestly.

        I made a work bench with oak 4x4s for legs and dado’d in pine 2x4s for the cross braces. Nice and sturdy with a good enough fit and no movement I noticed over the past 3 years.

    • Possibly linux
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      6 months ago

      There is a lot of manufacturing deviation with lumber. If you are that picky maybe you could try talking to one of the associates. They tend to know the best places to look and they may even help you measure.

      • glimse@lemmy.world
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        6 months ago

        Dimensional lumber has negligible variance in width/depth most of the time which is why it’s called that. It’s really the length that’s a crapshoot. Gotta love when you buy a bunch of 10’ planks and a couple are a few inches short